这篇文章根据 极简 RPM 打包指南，给出打包 nginx 的一个实例，软件的下载链接在 这里。
手动安装
安装依赖
软件的编译依赖有很多，这里偷懒一下，直接根据官方 nginx 软件包中写的安装依赖进行安装。
dnf builddep nginx
编译安装
很简单，三板斧即可
root@e9b068b80d54 ~/nginx-1.18.0# ./configure --user=rpmbuild
--group=rpmbuild --prefix=/usr
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --modules-path=/etc/nginx/modules/
--pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/run/nginx.lock
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log`
结果如下：
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ OpenSSL library is not used
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr"
nginx binary file: "/usr/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/etc/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/etc/nginx"
nginx configuration file: "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/run/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
make -j 8
make install DESTDIR=/tmp/nginx INSTALLDIRS=vendor
软件的安装文件如下：
/tmp/nginx
├── etc
│ └── nginx
│ ├── fastcgi.conf
│ ├── fastcgi.conf.default
│ ├── fastcgi_params
│ ├── fastcgi_params.default
│ ├── koi-utf
│ ├── koi-win
│ ├── mime.types
│ ├── mime.types.default
│ ├── nginx.conf
│ ├── nginx.conf.default
│ ├── scgi_params
│ ├── scgi_params.default
│ ├── uwsgi_params
│ ├── uwsgi_params.default
│ └── win-utf
├── run
├── usr
│ ├── HTML
│ │ ├── 50x.html
│ │ └── index.html
│ └── sbin
│ └── nginx
└── var
└── log
└── nginx
RPM 打包
源码
下载源代码，放在 ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/ 文件夹中。
nginx.spec
Name: nginx
Version: 1.18.0
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: The nginx Web server
License: BSD
URL: http://nginx.org
Source0: http://nginx.org/download/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
%description
The "Hello World" program, done with all bells and whistles of a proper FOSS
project, including configuration, build, internationalization, help files, etc.
%prep
tar -xf %{_sourcedir}/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz -C %{_builddir}
%build
cd %{_builddir}/nginx-1.18.0/
./configure \
--user=rpmbuild \
--group=rpmbuild \
--prefix=/usr \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--modules-path=/etc/nginx/modules/ \
--pid-path=/run/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/run/nginx.lock \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
%install
cd %{_builddir}/nginx-1.18.0/
make install DESTDIR=%{buildroot}/ INSTALLDIRS=vendor
%files
/etc/nginx/*
/usr/html/*html
/usr/sbin/nginx
/var/log/nginx
%changelog
打包
将 nginx.spec 放在 ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/ 文件夹中
rpmbuild ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec
结果如下：
/home/rpmbuild/rpmbuild/
├── BUILD
│ └── nginx-1.18.0
├── BUILDROOT
├── RPMS
│ └── x86_64
│ └── nginx-1.18.0-1.fc33.x86_64.rpm
├── SOURCES
│ └── nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
├── SPECS
│ └── nginx.spec
└── SRPMS
└── nginx-1.18.0-1.fc33.src.rpm
安装
# 本地安装
root@e9b068b80d54 ~# dnf localinstall /home/rpmbuild/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.18.0-1.fc33.x86_64.rpm
# 查看软件包的内容
root@e9b068b80d54 ~# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/mime.types.default
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/scgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/usr/html/50x.html
/usr/html/index.html
/usr/lib/.build-id
/usr/lib/.build-id/4a
/usr/lib/.build-id/4a/3e03deb43ba3f2766de23c58294e58e057cf52
/usr/sbin/nginx
/var/log/nginx
# 测试功能是否正常
root@e9b068b80d54 ~# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
built by gcc 10.2.1 20201125 (Red Hat 10.2.1-9) (GCC)
configure arguments: --user=rpmbuild --group=rpmbuild --prefix=/usr --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --modules-path=/etc/nginx/modules/ --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/run/nginx.lock --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log
注意
生成的 rpm 包现在已经可以在你的机器上正常安装、卸载了，软件也能正常使用了。
如果你打算把软件包在其他机器上安装，那么记得补充好"Requires"字段。
如果你打算在其他机器上重新编译 src.rpm，记得补充好"BuildRequires"字段。
如果你打算打一个更规范的 rpm 包，请至少将打包教程的参考资料看一遍，然后再与官方的 rpm 包做一下对照，官方包的源代码可以在 这里 找到。